2019 Yes https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31446497/ Neamtiu, Iulia Europe Observational Exposure Study Students Elementary (K-5) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Respiratory symptoms Vision Headaches Exposure Formaldehyde levels Indoor air quality Respiratory and allergic symptoms School children The indoor formaldehyde levels for a school week varied between 15.5 and 66.2 μg/m3, with a median value of 34.8 μg/m3. The adjusted odds ratios for allergy-like, asthma-like, and flu-like symptoms were 3.23 (95% CI 1.31–8.00), 2.69 (95% CI 1.04–6.97), and 2.39 (95% CI
1.04–5.50), respectively, when exposed to higher formaldehyde levels (≥ 35 μg/m3) during a school week, compared to lower formaldehyde level exposure (<35 μg/m3). Higher levels of indoor formaldehyde were significantly associated with health symptoms in children.
The high indoor formaldehyde levels were related to the use of water-resistant paint for ceiling coverings, moisture damage signs, and lower classroom natural ventilation rates.