2017 No https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ina.12382 Pañella, P Europe Experimental Modeling Students Elementary (K-5) Middle/Jr High (6-8) High School (9-12) Asthma Black carbon Children Microenvironments Personal monitoring Ultrafine particles Asthmatics and non-asthmatics spent the same amount of time at home (60% and 61%, respectively), at school (20% and 23%), on transportation (8% and 7%), and in other microenvironments (7% and 5%). The highest concentrations of all TRAPs were attributed to transportation. No differences in TRAP concentrations were found overall or by type of microenvironment between asthmatics and non-asthmatics, nor when considering past and current asthmatics, separately.