2020 Yes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7864841/ Zijlema, W.L. Europe Observational Epidemiology Study Students Elementary (K-5) Noise Stress/Anxiety Attention defcit/hyperactivity disorder Road traffic noise Adolescents Child health Cross-sectional study No clear exposure response relationship was observed for associations between residential or school noise and ADHD symptom severity. We found no evidence for a harmful association between road traffic noise and ADHD. Associations between noise and
lower risks for ADHD were observed only in referred cases with a confirmed ADHD diagnosis and may be due to residual confounding or selection bias.