2023 Yes https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Ftra0001179 Berger, Emily North America Epidemiology Study Students Elementary (K-5) Middle/Jr High (6-8) High School (9-12) Particulate Matter (PM) Test Performance Stress/Anxiety academic outcomes mine fire posttraumatic stress smoke Students The longitudinal analysis found that secondary students, who attended schools in the town most exposed to particulate matter from the mine fire, experienced an 18.5-month delay in academic progress (95% CI [13.6, 23.5]) after the mine fire, relative to the wider area. No evidence was found in academic delays related to exposure to the mine fire among primary school students. There was also no evidence of additional delays in academic progress for students with higher levels of event-related distress.