2022 Yes https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969721048221?via%3Dihub Kitagaway, Yasmin Kaore Lago South America Exposure Study Students Elementary (K-5) Middle/Jr High (6-8) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Children Personal exposure Dose NO2 Fine particles The results showed that the mean children's personal exposure to NO2 predicted by the model (22.3 ?g/m3) was nearly twice to those measured by the passive samplers (12.3 ?g/m3). In contrast, the nearest urban monitoring station did not represent the personal exposure to NO2 (9.3 ?g/m3), suggesting a bias in the quantification of previous epidemiological studies. The building effect parameterisation (BEP) together with the lowering of the model height enhanced the air pollutant concentrations and the exposure of children to air pollutants. With the use of the CMAQ model, exposure to O3, PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 was also estimated and revealed that the daily children's personal exposure was 13.4, 38.9, 32.9, and 9.6 ?g/m3, respectively. Meanwhile, the potential inhalation daily dose was 570-667 ?g for PM2.5, 684-789 ?g for PM10, and 163-194 ?g for PM1, showing to be favourable to cause adverse health effects. The exposure of children to air pollutants estimated by the numerical model in this work was comparable to other studies found in the literature, showing one of the advantages of using the modelling approach since some air pollutants are poorly spatially represented and/or are not routinely monitored by environmental agencies in many regions.