2024
Yes
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21101263
Alonso-Blanco, Elisabeth
Europe
Experimental
Observational
Students
Elementary (K-5)
Particulate Matter (PM)
Indoor air quality
Indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio
Primary schools
Black carbon
Ultrafine particles
particulate matter
Indoor and outdoor air quality measurements at a Madrid primary school assessed particulate matter, ultrafine particles, and black carbon. Traffic and indoor activity influenced IAQ, supporting targeted strategies to protect children’s health.