2024 Yes https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2023.0060 Iyengar, Ananya North America Observational Students Staff Elementary (K-5) Middle/Jr High (6-8) High School (9-12) Ventilation rates Viruses COVID rates Pandemic preparedness COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Indoor air Transmission mitigation Ventilation This observational case study assessed COVID-19 mitigation at a private K–12 school in NYC. Compared to city benchmarks, interventions like ventilation upgrades, testing, masking, and vaccination reduced transmission and informed public health strategies.