2017
Yes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5334699/
Batterman, Stuart
North America
Observational
Elementary (K-5)
Ventilation rates
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Ventilation
Air change rate (ACH/AER)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
School
Classrooms
Indoor air quality
VRs during the school day fell below recommended minimum levels, and VRs during evening and early morning were on the order of 0.1 h1, reflecting shutdown of the ventilation systems. The transient mass balance method was the most flexible and advantageous method given the low air change rates and dynamic occupancy patterns observed in
the classrooms. While the extension to the build-up method improved stability and consistency, the accuracy of this and the steady-state method may be limited. Decay-based methods did not reflect the VR during the school day due to heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system shutdown.Since the number of occupants in classrooms changes over the day, the VR expressed on a per person basis (e.g., Ls1person1) depends on the occupancy metric. If occupancy measurements can be obtained, then the transient mass balance method likely will provide the most consistent and accurate
results among the CO2-based methods.
the classrooms. While the extension to the build-up method improved stability and consistency, the accuracy of this and the steady-state method may be limited. Decay-based methods did not reflect the VR during the school day due to heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system shutdown.Since the number of occupants in classrooms changes over the day, the VR expressed on a per person basis (e.g., Ls1person1) depends on the occupancy metric. If occupancy measurements can be obtained, then the transient mass balance method likely will provide the most consistent and accurate
results among the CO2-based methods.