2023 Yes https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749123011454?via%3Dihub Fernandes, Amanda Europe Epidemiology Study Students Elementary (K-5) Vegetation Test Performance Children Green spaces Fluid intelligence Attention Working memory Availability, accessibility, and uses of green spaces showed a social gradient that was unfavorable in more vulnerable socioeconomic groups. NDVI was associated with more playing time in green spaces, but proximity to a major green space was not. Associations between green space exposures and cognitive function outcomes were not statistically significant in our overall study population. Stratification by socioeconomic variables showed that living within 300 m of a major green space was associated with improved working memory only in children in less deprived residential areas (? = 0.30, CI: 0.09,0.51), and that more time playing in green spaces was associated with better working memory only in children of highly educated mothers (? per IQR increase in hour/year = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.19). However, studying within 300 m of a major green space increased inattention scores in children in more deprived areas (? = 15.45, 95% CI: 3.50, 27.40).