2024 No Spatial heterogeneity in health risks of illness-related absenteeism associated with PM2.5 exposure for elementary students https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113473 Wu, Yangyang Asia Observational Epidemiological Modeling Students Elementary (K-5) Particulate Matter (PM) Temperature Humidity Vegetation Absenteeism particulate matter Spatial difference Illness-related absenteeism Elementary students GAM analysis of 693,081 illness-related absences across 2,278 schools found PM2.5-related absentee risk varied spatially with economic and environmental modifiers. Targeted clean air policies should consider localized vulnerabilities. 2022