2024 Yes Risk of illness-related school absenteeism for elementary students with exposure to PM2.5 and O3 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969722039213?via%3Dihub Zhang, Ting Asia Epidemiological Students Elementary (K-5) Particulate Matter (PM) Ozone (O3) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Sulfur dioxide (SO2) Absenteeism Fine particulate matter Ozone children’s health Illness-related school absenteeism Hospital visit record In 2,564 Jiangsu elementary schools, increases in PM₂.₅ and O₃ were linked to higher illness-related absenteeism, with risks underestimated by hospital data. Many absentees were cared for at home. Findings highlight the need for air quality improvement and home health education. 2022